- sentence calculus
- исчисление высказываний, пропозициональное исчисление
English-Russian scientific dictionary. 2008.
sentence calculus
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Propositional calculus — In mathematical logic, a propositional calculus or logic (also called sentential calculus or sentential logic) is a formal system in which formulas of a formal language may be interpreted as representing propositions. A system of inference rules… … Wikipedia
predicate calculus — Logic. See functional calculus. Also called predicate logic. [1945 50] * * * Part of modern symbolic logic which systematically exhibits the logical relations between propositions involving quantifiers such as all and some. The predicate calculus … Universalium
Atomic sentence — In logic, an atomic sentence is a type of declarative sentence which is either true or false (may also be referred to as a proposition, statement or truthbearer) and which cannot be broken down into other simpler sentences. For example The dog… … Wikipedia
Implicational propositional calculus — In mathematical logic, the implicational propositional calculus is a version of classical (two valued) propositional calculus which uses only one connective, called implication or conditional. In formulas, this binary operation is indicated by… … Wikipedia
Open sentence — In mathematics, an open sentence (usually an equation or equality) is described as open in the sense that its truth value is meaningless until its variables are replaced with specific numbers, at which point the truth value can usually be… … Wikipedia
reduction sentence — A device proposed by Carnap for dealing with sentences of a scientific theory whose logical form is not easily given in the terms of the predicate calculus . ‘ x is soluble in water’ cannot be defined as ‘ x is placed in water →x dissolves’,… … Philosophy dictionary
Fitch-style calculus — is a method for constructing formal proofs used in first order logic. It was invented by American logician Frederic Brenton Fitch. Fitch style proofs involve the atomic sentences of first order logic, which are arranged in premises, lemmas, and… … Wikipedia
metalogic — /met euh loj ik/, n. the logical analysis of the fundamental concepts of logic. [1835 45; META + LOGIC] * * * Study of the syntax and the semantics of formal languages and formal systems. It is related to, but does not include, the formal… … Universalium
First-order logic — is a formal logical system used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It goes by many names, including: first order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic (a less… … Wikipedia
History of logic — Philosophy ( … Wikipedia
logic, history of — Introduction the history of the discipline from its origins among the ancient Greeks to the present time. Origins of logic in the West Precursors of ancient logic There was a medieval tradition according to which the Greek philosopher … Universalium
